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[20] The fight with the Emperor strengthened the power of Hugh Capet, which was shown in 980 when he captured Montreuil-sur-Mer from Arnulf II, Count of Flanders. Lothair could not afford an open war with Hugh Capet, as he would find himself caught between two fronts. [32] Alerted, Hugh Capet marched on Compiègne with 6,000 men and dispersed the meeting before a verdict could be reached. At the time, ascension to the throne in West Francia required approval of powerful lords of the kingdom and assent of Archbishop of Reims. Find out more. Lothair (French: Lothaire; Latin: Lothārius) (941–986), sometimes called Lothair IV,[1] was the Carolingian king of West Francia (10 September 954 – 1 March 986), son of Louis IV and Gerberga of Saxony.[2]. This peace was perceived negatively by the Robertians, who were excluded from the negotiations. At this point Lothair's power seemed markedly less than that of Hugh Capet. Boggle gives you 3 minutes to find as many words (3 letters or more) as you can in a grid of 16 letters. He is most illustrious by his exploits, his nobility, his forces. These retrospectives were observed by some historians such as Karl Ferdinand Werner as one of the first manifestations of national feeling.[19]. Otto (c. 970 – 13 November bef. [11] As a part of the agreement, Lothair renounced his rights to Lotharingia, allowing Otto II to turn his military attention to the Byzantine Italy, which he wanted to conquer. Lothair was born in 941 in Laon, the eldest son of Louis IV of France and Gerberga of Saxony. Lothair then hoped to receive the full sovereignty over Lotharingia. He attempted to precipitate matters by a sudden attack, and in the spring of 978 nearly captured the emperor Otto II at Aachen. In early January 985, he invaded the duchy of Lorrain, besieged Verdun in March and took several prisoners: Count Godefroy I, (brother of Adalberon Reims), Frederick (son of Godefroy I), Siegfried of Luxembourg (uncle of Godefroy I) and Thierry, Duke of Upper Lorraine (nephew of Hugh Capet). Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Thérèse Charmasson, Anne-Marie Lelorrain, Martine Sonnet: Pierre Riché, The Carolingians; A Family Who Forged Europe, trans. Unlike later kings, French monarchs were elected by nobility between 888 and 936. [33] Lothair could have intended to strengthen his stranglehold on Verdun and its region by forcing Adalberon to pursue his nephew Adalberon of Verdun, son of Count Godfrey I.[33]. In retaliation Otto II, accompanied by Charles, invaded West Francia in October 978 and ravaged Reims, Soissons (where he stopped at the Abbey of St. Medard, Soissons for devotions[17]) and Laon. Chronicles differ as to whether he made it face eastwards or westwards, either to symbolise his dominance over the eastern kingdom or the supremacy of his own kingdom. To counter the power of Hugh Capet as Duke of the Franks, Lothair – following the advice of his wife Emma and Geoffrey I, Count of Anjou – decided to marry his son and heir Louis to Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou, Geoffrey I's sister and the widow of two powerful southern lords, Count Stephen of Gévaudan and Count Raymond of Toulouse, Prince of Gothia. Copyright © 2018 ITA all rights reserved. When the caliph of Córdoba, Al-Mansur, sacked Barcelona in 985, Lothair was ill and could offer no assistance to the Borrell II, Count of Barcelona who had sent envoys to Verdun. The Synod of Sainte-Macre, led by Archbishop Adalberon of Reims, took place in Fismes to discuss the matter. English thesaurus is mainly derived from The Integral Dictionary (TID). In 976 the brothers Reginar IV, Count of Mons and Lambert I, Count of Louvain, after being dispossessed from their paternal inheritance by Emperor Otto II, made an alliance with Charles (King Lothair's younger brother) and Otto, Count of Vermandois and with an army they marched against the Imperial troops. He also forced him to write to the Archbishops of Egbert of Trier, Willigis of Mainz and Ebergar of Cologne, stating that he, Lothair, was the true and only heir of the Carolingian Empire. Lothair, when thirty-seven, seems to have conceived the design of recovering Lorraine, once held by his family. [27] When the King ordered the destruction of the fortifications that surrounded the monastery of Saint-Paul in Verdun, Adalberon refused on the grounds that his hungry soldiers no longer were able to keep the city. ○   Anagrams Lothair of France King. However, soon the noticeable age difference between them – Louis was fifteen while Adelaide was a forty-year-old woman – and Louis' debauched lifestyle caused the end of the marriage in 984, with Lothair supporting his son while Adelaide took refuge with Count William I of Provence, who soon became her fourth husband. Lothair then seems to have conceived the design of recovering Lorraine. With Hugh the Great's death in 956 Lothair, only fifteen, came under the guardianship of his maternal uncle Bruno, archbishop of Cologne, brother of East Francia's king Otto I. Change the target language to find translations. Lothair had to hold out against an imperial siege on Paris until disease and the arrival of Hugh Capet's army forced the Germans to retreat, and their army was chased back to Aachen; in 980, Lothair renounced his claims to Lorraine in exchange for Otto II recognizing the succession of his son Louis V of France to the throne when he died. Afraid of Hugh’s rising power, Lothair met with Otto II and signed a peace treaty without consulting Hugh. The unity of Western Franks against Otto II had the consequence of placing the dynasty of Robertians in a prominent place in the person of Hugh Capet, whose contemporaries attested that he faithfully served king Lothair. Required fields are marked *, Subscribe for our Updates – new posts and newsletter, Struggle for power: Hugh Capet and Lothair of France. The links produced by the authority control template on Wikipedia go to authority control data in worldwide library catalogues. With Bruno’s advice, young Lothair invested Hugh’s younger brother, Otto, with the Duchy of Burgundy in 956. Brittany, as well as the Duchies of Normandy and of Burgundy were nearly independent. Lettris is a curious tetris-clone game where all the bricks have the same square shape but different content. Having Bruno as the regent of Western Francia during Lothair’s minority, Otto also had the powerful French princes under his control. He succeeded his father in 954 at the age of thirteen and was crowned at the Abbey of Saint-Remi by Artald of Reims, Archbishop of Reims. Lothair of France Lothair, sometimes called Lothair III or Lothair IV, was the penultimate Carolingian king of West Francia, reigning from 10 September 954 until his death in 986. Updates? When Adelaide left her husband in 984 two years after the wedding, Lothair’s plans to establish himself as the only heir of the Carolingian Empire were crushed. This page was last modified 29-SEP-18 [7] This caused the final rift between the Hispanic March and the French crown during the reign of his successors. Lothair invaded Flanders on the death of Arnulf I of Flanders in 965, but Arnulf II of Flanders defeated him; Lothair briefly held Arras and Douai despite his defeat. The Imperial forces invaded West Francia in 978, and at first, the campaign was successful for them as they reached the city of Paris, but Hugh’s army was quick enough to stop their advance, forcing them to retreat. His policy was very successful, and the condition of the Kingdom, favored by the capture of the great nobles, was strong." LOTHAIR (941-986), king of France, son of Louis IV., succeeded his father in 954, and was at first under the guardianship of Hugh the Great, duke of the Franks, and then under that of his maternal uncle Bruno, archbishop of Cologne. Charles took advantage of the situation and established himself in Lotharingia. Lothair refused to renounce the land which he considered rightfully belonging to him: he decided to make an alliance with Henry II, and on 1 February 985 their combined forces arrived to the banks of the Rhine in Brissach. Each square carries a letter. But Herbert III was relatively old and the bishops who had served his father Louis IV were more inclined towards spiritual tasks than to the defense of royal interests. The failure of the alliance with the House of Anjou reinforced the power of the Robertians, and finally they supported Hugh Capet against Charles of Lower Lorraine in 987. In the meanwhile, following a meeting between the King and the Duke of the Franks, Theodoric I of Upper Lorraine was released. It included the western part of Charlemagne’s Empire, but it nevertheless didn’t include future eastern and southeastern parts of France such as Burgundy and Provence. See earlier, He was the fourth Lothair to rule in Carolingian lands (after, Pierre Riché, The Carolingians; A Family Who Forged Europe, trans. Lothair II (926/928–22 November 950), often Lothair of Arles, was the King of Italy from 948 to his death. The SensagentBox are offered by sensAgent. Privacy policy Lothair’s project of his heir Louis’ marriage to Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou (they were a mismatched couple due to their twenty-five-year age difference) did not lessen Hugh’s power at all. Give contextual explanation and translation from your sites ! https://historica.fandom.com/wiki/Lothair_of_France?oldid=53852. In 983, Lothair attempted to recover Lotharingia from Otto III of Germany after Otto II's death, but Henry II of Bavaria defeated this venture. After this, Lothair began to approach the Holy Roman Empire. King Lothair suddenly passed away in early 986 when he intended to launch a new campaign against the Holy Roman Empire. Lothair I or Lothar I (Dutch and Medieval Latin: Lotharius; German: Lothar; French: Lothaire; Italian: Lotario) (795 – 29 September 855) was emperor (817–855, co-ruling with his father until 840), and the governor of Bavaria (815–817), King of Italy (818–855) and Middle Francia (840–855). Lothair would eventually lose real power to Hugh Capet, the hero of the siege of Paris, and he was considered to be king in name only. He also gave Paris and the title of Duke of the Franks to Hugh. But once Lothair grew up, he began to crave independence and started ruling along, appointing his own councilors. This gave Hugh a chance to make new alliances within the realm. You can also try the grid of 16 letters. Lothair married Emma of Italy, daughter of Lothair II of Italy and Adelaide of Italy. His father and predecessor was Hugh of Provence and his mother was a German named Alda (or Hilda). One year after the change of dynasty, Lothair's kingdom seemed indestructible because, even if Lotharingia had not submitted, the inertia of the Empire could let him consider new conquests. Towards the end of his reign, Lothair's power seemed markedly less than that of Hugh Capet. Lothair could not afford an open war against Hugh Capet because he would end up caught between two fronts. 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