NOVEL THINKING

Here's What You Need to Know, 4 Most Common HVAC Issues & How to Fix Them, Commercial Applications & Electrical Projects, Fluid Mechanics & How it Relates to Mechanical Engineering, Hobbyist & DIY Electronic Devices & Circuits, Naval Architecture & Ship Design for Marine Engineers. In general, it’s always best to use a heat treated metal rather than the metal in its orginal form. Nitriding is a process of improving the wear resistance of the material, which can be done even after the completed machining process of the component. The effect of heating the metals to a particular temperature level like the lower critical limit temperature or the higher critical temperature tends to alter various qualities of the material. This compound can be eliminated by heating at a temperature of 750~850℃ and then rapidly cooling.

Some using Mn to replace Ni, which is to further improve corrosion resistance, and some have to add Mo, Cu, Si, Ti or Nb and other elements. The compositional characteristics of dual-phase steel will promote the formation of some intermetallic phases, such as σ phase and γ phase, which reduce corrosion resistance and increase the brittleness and should be eliminated. Tempering between 180~320℃can obtain tempered martensite structure, maintain high hardness and strength.

It is especially easy to form between crystals to make steel brittle and increase the sensitivity of intergranular corrosion. It contains a high concentration of Cr, generally greater than 18% and about 8% Ni. The composition characteristics (high Cr, low Ni, plus Mo, N) and microstructure characteristics of duplex stainless steel make it have higher strength and plasticity than austenitic stainless steel and ferritic stainless steel; It is equivalent to the corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steel; it has a higher resistance to pitting corrosion, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion damage than any stainless steel in cl-media and seawater.

For example: In the GB1220 standard, the recommended grade of precipitation stainless steel is 0Cr17Ni7Al (PH17-7). Martensitic stainless steel is basically used at two tempering temperatures: But it has low plasticity and toughness, and have good corrosion resistance.

Hard Work Motivation is the fitness destination for those who want to make themselves fitter and healthier Parts made of austenitic stainless steel inevitably have stressed, such as processing stress and welding stress during cold-working.

Depending on the difference of C and alloying elements, some may contain a small amount of ferrite, retained austenite or alloy carbide. 2. Heat treatment of martensitic stainless steel, 4. This is because, at this temperature, the Cr atoms in the ferrite will rearrange to form a small Cr-rich region, which is coherent with the parent phase, causing lattice distortion, generating internal stress, and increasing the hardness and brittleness of the steel. Further, the annealing process tends to improve the machinability of the material to a very great extent. Martensitic stainless steel mainly contains 12~18% Cr, and the amount of C can be adjusted according to needs, generally 0.1~0.4%. Due to the characteristics of precipitation hardening stainless steel, it has been paid attention and widely used. When conditions permit, the use of solution treatment and stabilization treatment can better eliminate stress (solid solution water cooling will also produce certain stress). For tools, C can reach 0.8~1.0%, and some are to improve the stability of tempering resistance by adding Mo, V,and Nb etc. The properties of steel or other ferrous metals are mainly altered by heating the metals.

Carburizing is a method of increasing the carbon content in a material by inducing carbon into it. Please feel free to let us know what can we do for you.

Heat treatment of steel can also be carried out on completely finished products. In China and some other national standards, it is indicated as “quick cooling” after solid solution, and the scale of “quick” can be grasped according to the following circumstances. Heat treatment of ferritic stainless steel, 2. Heat treatment of Precipitation hardening stainless steel. all promote the formation of σ phase; It is also related to the processing process, especially heating and staying in the range of 540~815℃, which promotes the formation of σ phase. If the workpiece is used in a strong stress corrosion environment and the stress must be completely eliminated. The post weld heat treatment in some case is mandatory due to meet safety norms.

Stabilization heat treatment is limited to austenitic stainless steels containing stabilizing elements Ti or Nb, such as 1Cr18Ni9Ti and 0Cr18Ni11Nb etc. Duplex stainless steel is a new member of the stainless steel family and developed late, but its characteristics have been widely recognized and valued. The means of eliminating the σ phase is also to dissolve it at a temperature higher than that at which it may precipitate, and then cool it rapidly to prevent re-precipitation. The existence of these stresses will bring adverse effects: stress corrosion cracking will occur when components with stress are used in Cl– media, H2S, NaOH and other media. The martensitic stainless steel can be heat treated to adjust the mechanical properties in a larger range, but the corrosion resistance is poor. This is a kind of sudden damage that occurs locally and without warning, which is very harmful.

C is one of the alloying elements contained in the steel. Day to day developments are making heat treatment processes more dependable. Therefore, the effect of quenching martensite can be obtained by oil cooling or air cooling. Stainless steel is characterized by the composition of a large number of alloy elements mainly composed of Cr, which is the basic condition of stainless steel and corrosion resistance.

Therefore, the main purpose of austenitic stainless steel heat treatment is not to change the mechanical properties, but to improve corrosion resistance.

Because of its reliance on precipitation phase strengthening, so C can be controlled very low, thus its corrosion resistance is better than martensitic stainless steel, and Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steel is equivalent. The Ms point of this steel is generally slightly lower than room temperature, so after the solution treatment is cooled to room temperature, an austenite structure is obtained with very low strength.

The Cr is stably retained in the austenite, thus ensuring the corrosion resistance of the steel. The app can be used by itself or as a companion to the ASM Heat Treater's Guide print and online database products, which provide additional heat treating data such as representative micrographs, isothermal transformation diagrams, cooling transformation diagrams, tempering curves and data on dimensional change.

It has high corrosion resistance, especially in Cl- containing media and seawater, which has good resistance to pitting, crevice corrosion and stress corrosion. The only criterion that plays an important role in heat treatment is the presence of carbon in steels and other ferrous meta… If austenitic steel is heated in the range of 500-900°C for a long time, or when Ti, Nb, Mo and other elements are added to the steel, the σ-phase will be precipitated, which will increase the brittleness and reduce the corrosion resistance of the steel. Depending on the proportion of alloying elements, some ferrite, some are mainly austenite, constituting two duplex stainless steels that exist simultaneously. These are basically due to the composition of the material and to the metallurgical alteration of its properties. Your email address will not be published. ② Stabilization heat treatment of austenitic stainless steel. Provides hundreds of data sheets for heat treating of carbon and alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels, and cast irons. Solution heat treatment is at 1040℃ and water cooling is to obtain austenite structure; It adjusts the treatment temperature to 955℃, increases the Ms point, and obtain lath martensite after cooling; Cold treatment -73℃×8h to reduce the retained austenite in the structure and obtain the maximum martensite; The temperature of the aging treatment is 510-560℃ so that Al is precipitated, and the hardness can reach 336HB after strengthening treatment. This structure also has good corrosion resistance. In order to eliminateσ phase, brittleness at 475°C and brittleness at high temperature, annealing treatment can be used. Processes like stress relieving and annealing are used reduce the internal stress developed in the material during its course of manufacture like forging, welding, etc.

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